驾考术语中英对照表
收录 590 个美国驾照笔试常见的英文术语及中文含义，全部来自本站按各州 DMV 官方规格组卷、逐题核对过的题库。 官方笔试考英文（如德州只提供英文/西班牙文）时，先搞懂这些词，看题就不慌。
共 590 个术语
| English | 中文 |
|---|---|
| 12-second rule | 12 秒规则 |
| 3-second rule | 三秒法则 |
| 4-way stop | 四向停车 |
| ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) | 防抱死刹车系统 |
| Acceleration lane | 加速车道 |
| Accident Alert | 事故警报 |
| Accident report | 事故报告 |
| Accompanied driving | 陪同驾驶 |
| Accompanying driver | 陪同驾驶人 |
| Accompanying licensed driver | 陪同驾驶人 |
| Active work zone | 活跃施工区 |
| Address change | 地址变更 |
| Administrative license suspension | 行政吊扣 |
| Administrative License Suspension (ALS) | 行政吊销 |
| Adverse conditions | 恶劣天气 |
| Affidavit of Liability | 责任宣誓书 |
| Air bag | 安全气囊 |
| Air bag | 气囊 |
| Airbag | 安全气囊 |
| Alcohol concentration | 酒精浓度 |
| Alcohol concentration restriction | 酒精浓度限制 |
| All-way stop | 全向停车 |
| Alley | 小巷 |
| Amber warning lights | 琥珀色警告灯 |
| Assured clear distance ahead | 确保净距 |
| Automated traffic safety camera | 自动交通安全摄像头 |
| BAC (Blood Alcohol Concentration) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| BAC (Bodily Alcohol Content) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| Backing | 倒车 |
| Backing up | 倒车 |
| Basic Driver License | 基本驾照 |
| Basic Rule | 基本规则 |
| Basic Speed Law | 基本限速法则 |
| Basic speed law | 基本速度法则 |
| Basic speed rule | 基本速度法则 |
| Bed of a pickup truck | 皮卡货斗 |
| Bicycle | 自行车 |
| Bicyclist | 骑车人 |
| Bicyclist | 自行车骑行者 |
| Bicyclist | 骑行者 |
| Bike lane | 自行车道 |
| Blind curve | 盲弯 |
| Blind spot | 盲点 |
| Blind spot | 盲区 |
| Blind spot / No-Zone | 盲区 |
| Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| Blood alcohol content (BAC) | 血液酒精浓度 |
| Blowout | 爆胎 |
| Booster seat | 增高垫 |
| Booster seat | 增高座椅 |
| Booster seat | 增高坐垫 |
| Brake failure | 刹车失灵 |
| Braking distance | 刹车距离 |
| Breath test | 呼气测试 |
| Bridges freeze first | 桥面结冰 |
| Broken line | 虚线 |
| Broken yellow line | 虚黄线 |
| Bus stop | 公交车站 |
| Business district | 商业区 |
| Car seat | 安全座椅 |
| Cell phone | 手机 |
| Center two-way left-turn lane | 中央双向左转车道 |
| Central island | 中央岛 |
| Change of address | 地址变更 |
| Chemical test | 化学检测 |
| Chemical test | 化学测试 |
| Child passenger | 儿童乘客 |
| Child passenger restraint system | 儿童安全座椅 |
| Child restraint | 儿童约束装置 |
| Child restraint system | 儿童约束系统 |
| Child restraint system | 儿童安全座椅 |
| Child safety seat | 儿童安全座椅 |
| City freeway | 城市高速公路 |
| Clearance | 间距 |
| Collision report | 碰撞报告 |
| Commercial driver | 商业驾驶人 |
| Commercial driver license | 商用驾照 |
| Commercial driver license (CDL) | 商业驾照 |
| Commercial license | 商业驾照 |
| Commercial motor vehicle | 商用机动车 |
| Commercial vehicle | 商用车辆 |
| Compulsory insurance | 强制保险 |
| Construction sign | 施工标志 |
| Construction sign | 施工区标志 |
| Counterclockwise | 逆时针 |
| Crash | 交通事故 |
| Crash Operator Report | 车祸驾驶人报告 |
| Crash report | 事故报告 |
| Crash Report (BMV 3303) | 事故报告 |
| Crash scene | 事故现场 |
| Crossbuck | 交叉形标志 |
| Crossbuck | 铁路道口交叉标志 |
| Crossing barricade | 道口栏杆 |
| Crossing gate | 道口栏杆 |
| Crossing gate | 道闸 |
| Crossing guard | 交通引导员 |
| Crossing guard | 交通协管员 |
| Crosswalk | 人行横道 |
| Curb | 路缘 |
| Curb cut | 路缘坡道 |
| Curb line | 路缘线 |
| Curb markings | 路缘标记 |
| Curfew | 宵禁 |
| Curve | 弯道 |
| Cyclist | 骑车人 |
| Daylight hours | 日光时段 |
| Deceleration lane | 减速车道 |
| Dense fog | 浓雾 |
| Designated open highway | 指定开放公路 |
| Disability parking placard | 残障停车许可 |
| Disability parking placard | 残障停车证 |
| Disability placard | 残疾人停车证 |
| Disabled parking placard | 残障停车证 |
| Disabled parking placard | 残疾人停车证 |
| Disabled parking space | 残障停车位 |
| Disabled vehicle | 故障车辆 |
| Distracted driving | 分心驾驶 |
| Distracted driving | 驾驶分心 |
| Divided highway | 分隔公路 |
| Divided highway | 分隔式公路 |
| Divided highway | 分隔式道路 |
| Divided roadway | 分隔道路 |
| Divided roadway | 分隔公路 |
| DMV | 车辆管理局 |
| Dooring | 开门事故 |
| Double fines | 双倍罚款 |
| Double parking | 双排停车 |
| Double parking | 并排停车 |
| Double solid yellow lines | 双实黄线 |
| Double solid yellow lines | 双黄实线 |
| Downhill parking | 下坡停车 |
| Driver education | 驾驶教育 |
| Driver education | 驾驶培训 |
| Driver Responsibility Assessment | 驾驶人责任评估 |
| Driver under 21 | 未成年驾驶人 |
| Driveway | 车道出入口 |
| Driveway | 私人车道 |
| Driveway | 车道口 |
| Driving log | 驾驶日志 |
| Driving Log | 驾驶日志 |
| Driving skills test | 路考 |
| Driving under the influence (DUI) | 酒后驾驶 |
| Driving While Impaired (DWI) | 酒后驾驶 |
| Drowsy driving | 疲劳驾驶 |
| DUI | 酒驾 |
| DUI | 酒后驾驶 |
| DUI (Driving Under the Influence) | 酒驾 |
| DUI conviction | 酒驾定罪 |
| DUII | 酒后驾驶 |
| DWAI | 能力受损驾驶 |
| DWI | 醉驾 |
| DWI (Driving While Impaired) | 酒驾 |
| Earphones | 耳机 |
| Electronic device | 电子设备 |
| Electronic message | 电子讯息 |
| Emergency brake | 驻车制动 |
| Emergency flare | 应急火焰筒 |
| Emergency flashers | 危险警示灯 |
| Emergency vehicle | 紧急车辆 |
| Emergency vehicle | 急救车辆 |
| Emergency zone | 应急区 |
| Engine braking | 发动机制动 |
| Entrance ramp | 匝道 |
| Exit | 出口 |
| Exit ramp | 出口匝道 |
| Extended stop sign | 停车臂 |
| Extreme DUI | 极端酒驾 |
| Feet | 英尺 |
| Felony | 重罪 |
| Financial responsibility | 财务责任 |
| Fine | 罚款 |
| Fire hose | 消防水带 |
| Fire hydrant | 消防栓 |
| Fire station | 消防站 |
| Fire station | 消防局 |
| Firefighting vehicle | 消防车 |
| Flagger | 旗手 |
| Flashing red light | 闪烁红灯 |
| Flashing red signal | 闪烁红灯 |
| Flashing yellow arrow | 闪烁黄色箭头 |
| Flashing yellow arrow | 闪烁黄箭头 |
| Flashing yellow light | 闪烁黄灯 |
| Flashing yellow signal | 闪烁黄灯 |
| Fog | 雾 |
| Following distance | 跟车距离 |
| Following distance | 跟车间隔 |
| Four-second rule | 4 秒法则 |
| Four-way flashers | 四向闪光灯 |
| Four-way stop | 四向停车 |
| Freeway | 高速公路 |
| Frozen dessert truck | 冷冻甜品车 |
| Full License | 完全驾照 |
| Funeral procession | 葬礼车队 |
| Funeral procession | 送葬车队 |
| Funeral procession | 出殡车队 |
| GDL (Graduated Driver Licensing) | 分级驾照 |
| Glare | 眩目 |
| Glare | 眩光 |
| Graduated Driver License (GDL) | 分级驾照 |
| Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) | 分级驾照制度 |
| Graduated license (Class G) | 渐进式驾照 |
| Green arrow | 绿色箭头 |
| Green light | 绿灯 |
| Guardian | 监护人 |
| Guide dog | 导盲犬 |
| Hand signal | 手势信号 |
| Hand signals | 手势信号 |
| Hand-held cell phone | 手持手机 |
| Hand-held device | 手持设备 |
| Handheld device | 手持设备 |
| Handicapped parking space | 残障车位 |
| Hands-free | 免提 |
| Hands-free | 免持 |
| Hands-free accessory | 免提设备 |
| Hands-Free Law | 免提法 |
| HAWK signal | 行人过街信号 |
| Hazard flashers | 双闪警示灯 |
| Hazard lights | 危险警示灯 |
| Headlights | 前照灯 |
| Headlights | 前大灯 |
| Headlights | 前灯 |
| Headlights | 大灯 |
| Headlights | 头灯 |
| Heavy fog | 浓雾 |
| High BAC law | 高 BAC 法 |
| High beam | 远光灯 |
| High beams | 远光灯 |
| High-beam headlights | 远光灯 |
| Hill parking | 坡道停车 |
| Hit and run | 肇事逃逸 |
| Hit and run / Leaving the scene | 肇事逃逸 |
| Hit-and-run | 肇事逃逸 |
| Horn | 喇叭 |
| Hydroplaning | 水滑 |
| Hydroplaning | 水漂 |
| Ideal conditions | 理想条件 |
| Ignition interlock device | 点火互锁装置 |
| Ignition Interlock Device (IID) | 点火互锁装置 |
| Immediate family | 直系亲属 |
| Impede traffic | 阻碍车流 |
| Impeding traffic | 阻碍交通 |
| Implied consent | 默示同意 |
| Implied consent | 隐含同意 |
| Implied consent | 暗示同意 |
| Implied Consent Law | 默示同意法 |
| Implied consent law | 隐含同意法 |
| Implied consent law | 默示同意法 |
| Implied Consent Law | 暗示同意法 |
| Inoperable traffic lights | 信号灯失灵 |
| Inoperative signal | 信号灯失灵 |
| Instruction permit | 学习许可证 |
| Instruction permit | 实习许可 |
| Instruction permit | 教学许可证 |
| Instruction permit | 学习许可 |
| Instruction permit | 教练许可证 |
| Instructional permit | 学习许可证 |
| Insurance information | 保险信息 |
| Intermediate driver license | 中级驾照 |
| Intermediate License | 中级驾照 |
| Intersection | 交叉路口 |
| Interstate | 州际公路 |
| Interstate freeway | 州际高速公路 |
| Interstate highway | 州际公路 |
| Judgment | 判断力 |
| Junior license | 青少年驾照 |
| Junior license | 初级驾照 |
| Junior operator | 青少年驾驶人 |
| Junior Operator Law (JOL) | 青少年驾驶人法 |
| Keep right | 靠右行驶 |
| Knowledge exam | 笔试 |
| Knowledge test | 笔试 |
| Knowledge test | 知识笔试 |
| Knowledge test | 知识测试 |
| Knowledge test | 知识测验 |
| Lane change | 变道 |
| Lane filtering | 车道穿行 |
| Learner license | 学习驾照 |
| Learner permit | 学习驾驶许可 |
| Learner's license | 学习驾照 |
| Learner's License | 学习驾照 |
| Learner's permit | 学习许可证 |
| Learner's permit | 学习许可 |
| Learner's permit | 学习驾照 |
| Left lane for passing only | 左道仅供超车 |
| Left turn | 左转 |
| Left turn yield | 左转让行 |
| Liability insurance | 责任保险 |
| License revocation | 吊销驾照 |
| License suspension | 吊销驾照 |
| Light rail | 轻轨 |
| Limited access highway | 限入式高速公路 |
| Limited Learner Permit | 限制学习许可证 |
| Limited Provisional License | 限制临时驾照 |
| Littering | 乱扔垃圾 |
| Low beam | 近光灯 |
| Low beams | 近光灯 |
| Low-beam headlights | 近光灯 |
| Malfunctioning signal | 信号灯故障 |
| Marijuana | 大麻 |
| Marked crosswalk | 人行横道 |
| Maximum legal speed | 最高合法速度 |
| Median | 隔离带 |
| Median | 中央分隔带 |
| Median | 分隔带 |
| Median | 中央隔离带 |
| Median / barrier | 隔离带 |
| Median strip | 分隔带 |
| Medical marijuana | 医用大麻 |
| Merge | 汇入 |
| Minimum speed limit | 最低限速 |
| Minor | 未成年人 |
| Misdemeanor | 轻罪 |
| Mobile electronic device | 移动电子设备 |
| Mobile home park | 移动房屋园区 |
| Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC) | 机动车委员会 |
| Motorcycle | 摩托车 |
| Mountain highway | 山区公路 |
| Move It Law | 移车法 |
| Move Over Law | 让道法 |
| Move Over Law | 避让法 |
| Move Over law | 让道法 |
| Move Over Law | 让路法 |
| Move Over law | 靠边让行法 |
| Move Over/Slow Down law | 让道减速法 |
| Municipal corporation | 市镇 |
| New resident | 新居民 |
| New York City | 纽约市 |
| Night driving | 夜间驾驶 |
| Night driving restriction | 夜间驾驶限制 |
| Nighttime limitations | 夜间驾驶限制 |
| Nighttime restriction | 夜间限制 |
| No parking | 禁止停车 |
| No Passing Zone | 禁止超车区 |
| No passing zone | 禁止超车区 |
| No tolerance / Not a Drop | 零容忍 |
| No Turn On Red | 禁止红灯转弯 |
| No Turn On Red | 红灯禁转 |
| No Turn on Red | 禁止红灯右转 |
| No turn on red | 禁止红灯转弯 |
| No-passing zone | 禁止超车区 |
| No-Zone / Blind spot | 盲区 |
| Number of seat belts | 安全带数量 |
| Numbered highway | 编号公路 |
| Octagon | 八边形 |
| Oncoming traffic | 对向来车 |
| One-way road | 单行道 |
| One-way street | 单行道 |
| Open bed of a pickup truck | 皮卡货斗 |
| Open container | 开封容器 |
| Open container | 开封酒精饮料 |
| Open container | 开封酒精容器 |
| Open container law | 开瓶法 |
| Operating Under the Influence (OUI) | 酒后驾驶 |
| Overdriving your headlights | 超出灯光驾驶 |
| OVI | 酒驾 |
| OVUAC | 未成年饮酒后驾驶 |
| OWI (Operating While Intoxicated) | 醉驾 |
| Parallel parking | 平行停车 |
| Parked vehicle | 停放车辆 |
| Parking against traffic | 逆向停车 |
| Parking brake | 手刹 |
| Parking brake | 驻车制动 |
| Parking lights | 示宽灯 |
| Parking on a hill | 坡道停车 |
| Passenger limitations | 乘客限制 |
| Passenger restriction | 乘客限制 |
| Passenger restrictions | 乘客限制 |
| Passing | 超车 |
| Passing clearance | 超越间距 |
| Passing score | 通过标准 |
| Pavement markings | 标线 |
| Pavement markings | 车道标线 |
| Pedestrian | 行人 |
| Pentagon sign | 五边形标志 |
| Pentagon-shaped sign | 五边形标志 |
| Personal Injury Protection (PIP) | 个人伤害保护 |
| Physical barrier | 物理隔离带 |
| Platted subdivision | 住宅小区 |
| Points | 记分 |
| Portable sign | 便携式标志 |
| Posted speed limit | 张贴限速 |
| Posted speed limit | 标示限速 |
| Primary offense | 主要违法 |
| Primary offense | 主要违法行为 |
| Private driveway | 私人车道 |
| Private road/driveway | 私人车道 |
| Probationary license | 见习驾照 |
| Prohibition sign | 禁止标志 |
| Proof of financial responsibility | 财务责任证明 |
| Proof of insurance | 保险证明 |
| Property damage | 财产损失 |
| Property Damage Liability (PDL) | 财产损失责任险 |
| Protected turn | 受保护转弯 |
| Provisional license | 临时驾照 |
| Provisional licensee | 临时驾照持有人 |
| Quick Clearance | 快速清障 |
| Radar detector | 雷达探测器 |
| Rail | 铁轨 |
| Rail | 钢轨 |
| Railroad crossing | 铁路道口 |
| Ramp | 匝道 |
| Ramp meter | 匝道信号灯 |
| Rear-facing | 面朝后 |
| Rear-facing car seat | 后向式安全座椅 |
| Rear-facing car seat | 后向安全座椅 |
| Rear-facing child restraint | 后向式安全座椅 |
| Rear-facing child restraint | 反向安全座椅 |
| Rear-facing child safety seat | 后向式安全座椅 |
| Reasonable and proper speed | 合理适当速度 |
| Reasonable speed | 合理速度 |
| Reckless driving | 鲁莽驾驶 |
| Red arrow | 红色箭头 |
| Red overhead lights | 校车红色顶灯 |
| Reexamination | 重新审查 |
| Reflective decal | 反光贴 |
| Refusal to submit to testing | 拒绝检测 |
| Regulatory sign | 法规标志 |
| Regulatory sign | 管制标志 |
| Renewal | 续期 |
| Report of Crash Form (SR-1) | 事故报告表 |
| Residence district | 住宅区 |
| Resident | 居民 |
| Residential area | 住宅区 |
| Residential district | 住宅区 |
| Retest | 重考 |
| Revocation | 吊销 |
| Right of way | 路权 |
| Right of way | 先行权 |
| Right on red | 红灯右转 |
| Right turn on red | 红灯右转 |
| Right-of-way | 优先通行权 |
| Right-of-way | 路权 |
| Right-of-way | 先行权/路权 |
| Right-of-way | 先行权 |
| Right-of-way | 优先权 |
| Road rage | 路怒 |
| Road signs test | 交通标志测试 |
| Road test | 路考 |
| Rotary | 环岛 |
| Roundabout | 环岛 |
| Roundabout | 环形交叉路口 |
| Rural freeway | 乡村高速公路 |
| Rural highway | 乡村公路 |
| Rural interstate | 乡村州际公路 |
| Rural roadway | 乡村道路 |
| Safe speed | 安全速度 |
| Safety belt | 安全带 |
| Scanning | 观察 |
| School bus | 校车 |
| School bus stop signal | 校车停车信号 |
| School bus stopping law | 校车停车法 |
| School crossing | 学童过街 |
| School crosswalk | 学校人行横道 |
| School days | 上学日 |
| School safety patrol | 学生安全巡逻 |
| School sign | 学校标志 |
| School zone | 学校区 |
| School zone | 学校区域 |
| School zone sign | 学校区标志 |
| Scott's Law | 斯科特法 |
| Seat belt | 安全带 |
| Shoulder | 路肩 |
| Shoulder check | 盲区检查 |
| Shoulder check | 肩视 |
| Sidewalk | 人行道 |
| Siren | 鸣笛 |
| Skid | 打滑 |
| Skid | 侧滑 |
| Slippery roads | 湿滑路面 |
| Slow moving vehicle | 慢行车辆 |
| Slower traffic keep right | 慢车靠右 |
| Snow and ice removal | 积雪清除 |
| Solid line | 实线 |
| Solid yellow line | 实黄线 |
| Special Learner Permit | 特别学习许可证 |
| Speed limit | 限速 |
| Speed warning | 速度警告 |
| SR-1 report | 事故报告 |
| SR-22 | 财务责任证明 |
| Stall | 熄火 |
| State fee | 附加费 |
| State highway | 州道 |
| State highway | 州级公路 |
| State route | 州级公路 |
| Statutory summary suspension | 法定即时吊扣 |
| Steady yellow light | 稳定黄灯 |
| Steady yellow signal | 稳定黄灯 |
| Stop arm | 停车臂 |
| Stop line | 停止线 |
| Stop sign | 停车标志 |
| Stop-sign arm | 停车臂 |
| Suburban | 郊区 |
| Super Speeder | 超级超速者 |
| Supervised driving | 监督驾驶 |
| Supervised driving log | 监督驾驶记录 |
| Supervised driving practice | 陪驾练习 |
| Supervising driver | 监督驾驶员 |
| Supervising driver | 监督驾驶人 |
| Surcharge | 附加费 |
| Suspension | 吊扣 |
| Suspension | 吊销 |
| T intersection | T 字路口 |
| T intersection | T字路口 |
| T-intersection | T 字路口 |
| Tailgating | 跟车过近 |
| Teen driver | 未成年驾驶人 |
| Temporary Instruction Permit Identification Card (TIPIC) | 临时学习许可证 |
| Test refusal | 拒绝检测 |
| Texting | 发短信 |
| Texting while driving | 驾驶发短信 |
| THC | 四氢大麻酚 |
| Thickly settled district | 人口稠密区 |
| Three-second rule | 三秒法则 |
| Through road | 干道 |
| Through street | 干道 |
| TIP (Temporary Instruction Permit) | 临时学习许可 |
| Tire blowout | 爆胎 |
| TLSAE | 交通法与药物滥用教育 |
| Tow truck | 拖车 |
| Towing | 牵引 |
| Traffic control device | 交通控制装置 |
| Traffic control signal | 交通信号灯 |
| Traffic crash | 交通事故 |
| Traffic proceeding in the same direction | 同向车辆 |
| Traffic signal | 交通信号灯 |
| Traffic signal | 交通信号 |
| Traffic stop | 交通拦停 |
| Traffic stop | 交通拦检 |
| Traffic stop / Pull over | 靠边停车 |
| Transit bus | 公交车 |
| Trash collection vehicle | 垃圾收运车 |
| Truck | 卡车 |
| Tunnel | 隧道 |
| Turn on red | 红灯转弯 |
| Turn signal | 转向灯 |
| Turn signal | 转向信号 |
| Two-second rule | 两秒法则 |
| Two-second rule | 两秒规则 |
| U-turn | U 形转弯 |
| U-turn | 掉头 |
| Unattended vehicle | 无人看管车辆 |
| Uncontrolled intersection | 无控制路口 |
| Uncontrolled intersection | 无控制交叉路口 |
| Underage driver | 未成年驾驶员 |
| Underage driver | 未成年驾驶人 |
| Undivided highway | 未分隔公路 |
| Undivided highway | 无分隔带公路 |
| Unpaved county road | 未铺装县道 |
| Unpaved road | 未铺装道路 |
| Unprotected left turn | 无保护左转 |
| Uphill parking | 上坡停车 |
| Urban district | 市区 |
| Urban district | 城市区 |
| Urban district | 城市街区 |
| Urban interstate | 城市州际公路 |
| Urban or town roads | 城区道路 |
| Vehicle length | 车身长度 |
| Vehicle registration | 车辆注册 |
| Vehicle registration | 车辆登记 |
| Vehicle-deer crash | 车鹿相撞 |
| Visibility | 能见度 |
| Vision screening | 视力筛查 |
| Vulnerable road user | 弱势道路使用者 |
| Warning lights | 警示灯 |
| Warning sign | 警告标志 |
| White cane | 白手杖 |
| White Cane Law | 白手杖法 |
| Windshield wipers | 雨刮器 |
| Windshield wipers | 雨刷 |
| Wireless communication device | 无线通讯设备 |
| Wireless communication device | 无线通信设备 |
| Wireless device | 无线设备 |
| Work zone | 施工区 |
| Work zone | 施工区域 |
| Work zone | 作业区 |
| Work zone sign | 施工区标志 |
| Written knowledge test | 笔试 |
| Written test | 笔试 |
| Written test / Knowledge test | 笔试 |
| Yellow arrow | 黄色箭头 |
| Yellow curb | 黄色路缘 |
| Yellow light | 黄灯 |
| Yield | 让行 |
| Yield sign | 让行标志 |
| Yield to pedestrians | 礼让行人 |
| Yield when turning left | 左转让行 |
| Zero tolerance | 零容忍 |
| Zero Tolerance Law | 零容忍法 |